The promise of Ethereum is to build a decentralized computing platform widely accessible to all. Though it has come a long way towards achieving this vision, untenably high gas fees and frequent congestion on the current network present a significant challenge for true accessibility. Of course, the Ethereum community is aware of these issues and has adopted a rollup-centric roadmap to increase throughput. This roadmap focuses Ethereum on being the most decentralized settlement layer and moves execution to rollups on Layer 2.
以太坊的承诺，是创建一个所有人都能广泛使用的去中心化计算平台。尽管它在实现这一愿景方面已经取得了长足的进步，但目前网络上难以承受的高额gas费和频繁的拥堵，对真正的可访问性/可获得性提出了重大挑战。当然，以太坊社区也意识到了这些问题，并采取了以汇总(rollup)为中心的路线图来提高吞吐量。这个路线图将以太坊聚焦于成为最分散的结算层，并将执行转移到第二层的汇总上。
We have long believed that rollups are the only viable way today to scale blockchains without sacrificing decentralization and security. However, until recently, technical obstacles meant that they were impractical to scale, driving users to alternative Layer 1s and sidechains, where scalability comes at a cost. Early last year, as researchers working in this field, we realized recent breakthroughs in ZK proof systems and hardware acceleration meant it was finally practical to build a general purpose EVM-equivalent ZK-rollup. Using the magic of ZKPs, this removes the tradeoff between security and scalability, offering the best solution for blockchain users and developers -- minimal trust assumptions, fast finality, and seamless migration from the base layer.
我们一直认为，汇总是今天在不牺牲去中心化和安全的情况下扩展区块链的唯一可行的方法。然而，直到最近，技术上的障碍意味着其扩展是不切实际的，促使用户转向替代的第1层和侧链，但在那里，扩展是有代价的。去年年初，作为在这一领域工作的研究人员，我们意识到最近在ZK证明系统和硬件加速方面的突破，意味着建立一个通用EVM等价的ZK-rollup最终是可行的。利用ZKPs的魔力，消除了安全性和可扩展性之间的权衡，为区块链用户和开发者提供了最佳的解决方案--最小的信任假设，快速的最终性，以及从基础层的无缝迁移。
While coming to these ideas, we were inspired by the community-centric, open and collaborative values of the Ethereum community. In addition to technical considerations, we believe this cultural and social bonding creates a robust foundation for a global settlement layer and is hardly matched by any other crypto community.
在得出这些想法的同时，我们受到了以太坊社区以社区为中心、开放和协作的价值观启发。除了技术方面的考虑，我们相信这种文化和社会纽带为全球结算层创造了一个强大的基础，并且几乎没有任何其他加密货币社区可以与之相比。
With this in mind, we set out to build Scroll -- an EVM-equivalent ZK-rollup in early 2021 as part of the vibrant Ethereum ecosystem. Scroll uses zkEVM as its core component to prove the native EVM execution trace and leverages a decentralized proving network to solve the efficiency problem on the prover side. As we move closer to a public release one year in, this post lays out our vision and the values that inspired this effort.
考虑到这一点，我们着手在2021年初建立Scroll--一个等同于EVM的ZK-rollup，作为充满活力的以太坊生态系统的一部分。Scroll使用zkEVM作为其核心组件来证明原生的EVM执行轨迹，并利用去中心化的证明网络，来处理证明者方面的效率问题。在我们接近公开发布一年的时候，这篇文章阐述了我们的愿景和激发这一努力的价值观。
我们的愿景和价值观 (Our vision and values)
We believe that decentralized computing platforms will play such a crucial role that they should not belong to any one team or company but instead uphold and promote principles representing the broader community. Like Ethereum, we expect Scroll to be shaped by the community over time, but we begin with the following core values:
我们相信，去中心化的计算平台将发挥如此关键的作用—它们不应该属于任何一个团队或公司，而是坚持和促进代表更广泛社区的原则。就像以太坊一样，我们期望Scroll能够随着时间的推移被社区所塑造，但我们从以下核心价值开始。
1. 赋予人类力量—从区块链开发者和用户开始 (Empowering humanity - starting with blockchain developers and users)
Scroll aims to scale blockchains so that it can be assessible for billions of users. This requires making them both scalable and cheap enough to be accessible for all as well as being secure and easy-to-use for the ordinary user.
Scroll的目标是扩大区块链的规模，使其能够为数十亿的用户所接受。这需要使它们既具有可扩展性，又足够低成本，让所有人都能使用，同时对普通用户来说也是安全和易用的。
The current state of the Ethereum fee market means that high-stake applications such as DeFi and NFT trading are crowding out non-financial use cases as well as making Ethereum inaccessible to ordinary users with smaller amounts of capital. By using ZK-powered magic, Scroll will increase transaction throughput and reduce fees dramatically. It will unlock the potential for these new applications and users. We are excited to see new application layer innovations which will result in due course.
以太坊费用市场的现状意味着DeFi和NFT交易等高质押应用挤占了非金融用例，同时也使拥有较少资金的普通用户无法使用以太坊。通过使用ZK驱动的魔法，Scroll将提高交易吞吐量并大幅降低费用。它将为这些新的应用和用户释放潜力。我们很高兴看到新的应用层创新，这会在适当的时候产生。
While achieving this, we believe Ethereum scaling solutions must meet developers and users where they are. That means giving them the benefits of scaling while minimizing any obstructions to their current workflows and interfaces. By starting with an EVM-equivalent solution, we allow existing applications and developer tooling to migrate from Ethereum to Scroll without deep modifications or rewrites.
在实现这一目标的同时，我们相信以太坊的扩容解决方案，必须满足开发者和用户的需求。这意味着给他们提供扩展的好处，同时尽量减少对其当前工作流程和界面的阻碍。通过从EVM兼容的解决方案开始，我们允许现有的应用和开发者工具，从Ethereum迁移到Scroll，而无需深度修改或重写。
Of course, we won't stop there; after this first step, we plan to add experimental new features extending EVM's capabilities to allow developers to create richer user experiences on Scroll. By acting as a live proving ground for these VM-level changes, Scroll will provide users access to bleeding-edge applications and at the same time assessing demand for experimental features to later be upstreamed to the base layer EVM itself.
当然，我们不会止步于此；在这第一步之后，我们计划增加实验性的新功能，扩展EVM的能力，让开发者在Scroll上创造更丰富的用户体验。通过充当这些虚拟机级变化的现场实验场所，Scroll将为用户提供接触尖端应用的机会，同时评估对实验性功能的需求，以便日后将其传输到基础层EVM本身。
2. 与社区一起在开放中建设 (Build in the open with the community)
Scroll is built to be community-centric and fully open-source from day one. We believe such important technology should be open to everyone to understand and audit. We use public specs and repos, and we are collaborating with community members from the Ethereum Foundation Privacy and Scaling Explorations team to build the zkEVM in the open.
Scroll以社区为中心，从第一天起就完全开放源代码。我们相信，如此重要的技术应该向每个人开放，以便大众理解和审计。我们使用公共规格和仓库，并与来自以太坊基金会隐私和扩展探索团队的社区成员合作，在开放中构建zkEVM。
When building a platform which can define ownership of financial assets, the ability to openly audit and verify the code is essential. Otherwise, what if the platform is faking proofs or not actually following the protocol? By being open-source, we enable a fundamental level of community trust in Scroll. Even in the development phase, anyone can check on our progress simply by viewing our Github repos. This forces us to be transparent and responsible to our community.
当建立一个可定义(金融)资产的所有权之平台时，公开审计和验证代码的能力至关重要。否则，如果该平台伪造证明或没有真正遵守协议怎么办？通过开源，我们使社区对汇总的信任达到一个基本水平。即使在开发阶段，任何人都可以通过查看我们的Github资源库，检查我们的进展。这让我们对我们的社区保持透明和负责。
From a developer's perspective, building in the open leads to more secure and better designed systems. By virtue of being accessible, Scroll's code constantly receives both internal and external peer review. Moreover, by implementing designs and improvements from community contributors, such open systems are able to aggregate the best ideas from a growing community of values-aligned developers.
从开发者的角度来看，在公开的情况下进行构建，可以使系统更加安全，设计更加完善。由于可以访问，Scroll的代码不断接受内外同行的审查。此外，通过实施社区贡献者的设计和改进，这样的开放系统，能够从一个不断增长的，价值观一致的开发者社区中汇集最好的想法。
We believe the open-source DNA at the very heart of Scroll will make it the most secure and robust ZK-rollup, and we will continue collaborating with the community and contributing our solutions back to Ethereum. Our ultimate goal is to advance the end goal of Ethereum scaling -- "zk-SNARK everything".
我们相信Scroll核心的开源DNA将使其成为最安全和最强大的ZK-rollup，我们将继续与社区合作，并将我们的解决方案回馈给Ethereum。我们的最终目标是推进以太坊扩展的最终目标 - "zk-SNARK一切"。
3. 为去中心化和抗审查性而奋斗 (Fight for decentralization and censorship resistance)
While building towards greater blockchain scalability, we believe it is essential to preserve the core properties of decentralization and censorship resistance that makes Ethereum so powerful. As an end goal, Scroll aims to achieve the same levels of decentralization and censorship resistance as base layer Ethereum itself, although we will approach these step by step.
在朝着更广大区块链可扩展性发展的同时，我们认为必须保留使以太坊如此强大的去中心化和抗审查性的核心属性。作为最终目标，Scroll旨在实现与基础层Ethereum本身相同的去中心化和抗审查水平，尽管我们不会一蹴而就(一步步地接近这些)。
From the beginning, we view the safety of user assets as paramount and will preserve the same security guarantees as Layer 1. By using Ethereum for both consensus and data availability, we inherit the same level of decentralization. Even in the case of a catastrophic failure, we are building forced exit into the protocol so that users are able to withdraw their funds.
从一开始，我们就把用户资产的安全视为最重要的，并将保留与第1层相同的安全保障。通过使用以太坊的共识和数据可用性，我们继承了同样的去中心化水平。即使在发生灾难性故障的情况下，我们也会在协议中建立强制退出，以便用户能够提取其资金。
Censorship resistance is more challenging to achieve for rollups, and we are approaching it step by step. First, we have designed a decentralized proving protocol which allows rollup proofs to be outsourced to a community of Rollers. We hope to foster a robust Roller ecosystem competing to improve prover performance with hardware acceleration, and more importantly, enable users to run prover themselves and force their transactions to a rollup batch in case of the censorship. As a second step, we aim to achieve full decentralization by decentralizing the sequencer. By then, anyone will be able to run a sequencer so that transactions cannot be censored. This final step is an area of active research, and we hope to build it in conjunction with the community.
抗审查性对于汇总来说更具挑战性，不过我们正在一步步地接近它。首先，我们设计了一个去中心化的证明协议，该协议允许将汇总证明外包给一个由汇总者组成的社区。我们希望培养一个强大的汇总者生态系统，通过硬件加速来提高证明者的性能，更重要的是，使用户能够自己运行证明者，并在被审查的情况下强制他们的交易到rollup批次。第二步，我们的目标是通过去中心化序列器来实现完全的去中心化。到那时，任何人都可以运行一个序列器，这样交易就不会被审查了。这最后一步是一个积极研究的领域，我们希望能与社区一起建立它。
📜 加入我们并了解更多信息 (Join us and learn more)
If our vision of scaling Ethereum in an open and community-driven way resonates with you, we are looking for values-aligned individuals to help Scroll become the most developer- and user-friendly scaling solution for Ethereum.
如果我们以开放和社区驱动的方式来扩展以太坊的愿景，与你产生了共鸣，那我们正在寻找价值观一致的人，帮助Scroll成为最适合开发者和用户的以太坊扩展解决方案。
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If you are a ZK researcher, ZKP, Go or Solidity developer, or a GPU engineer, we are working on many interesting technical challenges at the edge of what’s possible. Come build cutting-edge solutions to these problems with us in the open!
如果你是ZK研究员、ZKP、Go或Solidity开发人员，或者是GPU工程师，我们正在研究许多有趣的技术挑战，处于可能的前缘。请来和我们一起在开放的环境中建立解决这些问题的最前沿解决方案吧 -
If you love nurturing and growing ecosystems or communities, we are looking for developer advocates and community organizers to make sure we are building in a community-aligned and user-friendly way.
如果你喜欢培育和发展生态系统或社区，我们正在寻找开发者倡导者和社区组织者，来确保我们以一种与社区融洽和用户友好的方式进行建设。
To learn more about these roles and about Scroll, check out our website, Twitter, Discord, or jobs page. If you want to get straight to the code and build with us, you can find our repos at github.com/scroll-tech and github.com/privacy-scaling-explorations/zkevm-circuits.
要了解更多关于这些角色和Scroll的信息，请查看我们的网站、Twitter、Discord，或工作机会页面。如果你想直接接触代码并与我们一起构建，你可以在github.com/scroll-tech和github.com/privacy-scaling-explorations/zkevm-circuits找到我们的资料库。
